Three-Layer Coated Urea for Nâ‚‚O Emission Reduction
🔬 Research Problem- Nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions pose a serious environmental threat, contributing to greenhouse gas accumulation.
- The primary source of Nâ‚‚O emissions is agricultural activity, especially the widespread use of urea-based fertilizers.
- A solution was needed to reduce Nâ‚‚O emissions by at least 30% without compromising soil fertility or crop yield.
- Developed a three-layer coating system for urea granules to mitigate Nâ‚‚O release:
- First coating: Slowed down urea dissolution by 3×, reducing immediate N₂O formation
- Second coating: Chemically converted released Nâ‚‚O into nitrates, minimizing gaseous loss
- Third coating: Incorporated denitrifying bacteria to biologically suppress Nâ‚‚O emissions
- Achieved a 37% reduction in Nâ‚‚O emissions compared to uncoated urea.
- Designed an automated monitoring system to simultaneously track emissions from five sample types:
- Soil without urea
- Uncoated urea
- Urea with first coating
- Urea with two coatings
- Urea with all three coatings